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On 31 December 2024, nearly 4.3 million non-EU citizens who fled Ukraine as a consequence of the Russian war of aggression against Ukraine had temporary protection status in the EU.
The EU countries hosting the highest number of beneficiaries of temporary protection from Ukraine were Germany (1,161,450 people; 27.3% of the EU total), Poland (991,630; 23.3%) and Czechia (388,625; 9.1%).
Compared with the end of November 2024, the total number of persons under temporary protection in the EU at the end of December increased by 25 590 (+0.6%). The largest absolute increases in the number of beneficiaries were observed in Germany (+8 830; +0.8%), Poland (+3,705; +0.4%) and Czechia (+3,435; +0.9%). The number of people under temporary protection decreased only in Denmark (-1,995; -5.1%), Italy (-1,310; -0.8%) and France (-595; -1.0%).
Source datasets: migr_asytpsm and migr_asytpspop
Compared with the population of each EU country, the highest ratio of temporary protection beneficiaries per thousand people were observed in Czechia (35.7), Poland (27.1) and Estonia (25.8) whereas the corresponding figure at the EU level was 9.5 per thousand people.
On 31 December 2024, Ukrainian citizens represented over 98.3% of the beneficiaries of temporary protection in the EU. Adult women made up almost half (44.8%) of the beneficiaries. Children accounted for almost one-third (31.9%), while adult men comprised less than a quarter (23.2%) of the total.
Data presented in this article refer to the attribution of temporary protection status based on the Council Implementing Decision 2022/382 of 4 March 2022, establishing the existence of a mass influx of displaced persons from Ukraine due to the Russian war of aggression against Ukraine, and introducing temporary protection.
On 25 June 2024, the European Council adopted the decision to extend the temporary protection for these people from 4 March 2025 to 4 March 2026.
For more information
- Statistics Explained on temporary protection for persons fleeing Ukraine
- Thematic section on the impact of the war in Ukraine
- Thematic section on migration and asylum
- Database on asylum statistics
- European Commission – Temporary protection
Methodological notes
- Structures of beneficiaries by age and sex have been calculated based on available data while disregarding the unknown category.
- Temporary protection is a procedure provided only in the event of a mass influx or imminent mass influx of displaced persons from third countries who are unable to return to their country of origin. These people are granted immediate and temporary protection, particularly if there is also a risk that the asylum system will be unable to process the influx without adverse effects for its efficient operation, in the interests of the persons concerned and other persons requesting protection.
Country notes
- France: data does not generally include minors.
- Spain, Cyprus and Greece: data on the number of persons under temporary protection at the end of the month include some persons whose temporary protection status was no longer valid.
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